Political Philosophy - What are the legitimate rights of Government?

In this post you will find the Introduction Lesson to this unit of work.
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Here are some questions that you might want to think about:

1. What thoughts do you have about the fact that people in a society, any society, anywhere on planet Earth, seem to have a system of governance or control – where the majority of society is under the rule of a minority of a society?  In the USA, the people are ruled by the Government, in Swaziland, the people are ruled by the King.  In Britain there is a Monarch (i.e a King or a Queen), who passes the job of ruling onto the Prime Minister and House of Lords.  In South Africa there is an overall Government and constitutional Law that all South Africans fall under and then in addition, for some segments of the society, there is also a tribal chief, tribal law and royalty to obey.  
2. Have you ever wondered who, what and why we all fall under the rule of a Government, a chief, or a king?  How do you think that came about – who decided that you are going to be the ruled, and someone else is going to be the ruler or rulers?  Who or what do you think created them and why do we have to follow them?  What are your thoughts? 
3. Do you think your answer above has bearing on the legitimate rights of Government to rule?  If yes, why?